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Wrinkle Relaxing Injections (Botulinum Toxin)

In 1987 a Canadian Ophthalmologist, Dr. Jean Carruthers had been treating her patients who suffered from blepharospasm (a twitching of the eyelid) with botulinum toxin when she observed that a "side-effect" of this treatment was the reduction of crow's feet and wrinkles around the eyes. Since then, an enormous amount of clinical trial work and patient experience has been established using botulinum toxin for the treatment of wrinkles.

The botulinum toxin brand Botox® is now licensed by the regulatory authorities in the US, as well as more than a dozen other countries around the world, for the treatment of glabellar lines (frown lines between the eyes) and wrinkles. In March 2006, Vistabel®, the brand name used for Botox® with a dosing specific to treat glabellar lines was granted a licence in the UK; no other brand of botulinum toxin is currently licensed for cosmetic use in the United Kingdom. However, if you are considering having a wrinkle relaxing treatment in this country, the above is nothing to be alarmed about as UK practitioners can use any of the brands available as long as they make you aware that they are using them outside of their current UK licensed indications.

Botulinum toxin is a naturally occurring protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. This bacterium makes several different types of protein which are called type A to type F. There are currently two different types of botulinum toxin commercially available in the United Kingdom – type A toxin (Botox®/Vistabel® and Dysport®) and type B toxin (Neurobloc®).

Our facial expressions change because the muscles in the face contract or relax. This is caused by the brain sending a signal via our nerve endings that we want to, for example, frown or laugh. When botulinum toxin is injected into a specific muscle it blocks the signal from the nerve to the muscles in the face. This means that the nerve ending cannot tell the muscle to move, hence there will be less wrinkling of the skin in the areas treated and untreated areas of your face to move as normal.

Botulinum toxin can be used to treat all wrinkles which are the result of normal facial movement. The upper third of the face is where the best treatment results are obtained, commonly for the reduction in crow's feet around the eyes, and frown lines and wrinkles on the forehead and between the eyebrows. It can also be used to reposition or lift the eyebrows by a few millimetres and to lessen so-called “bunny lines” (lines along the top of the nose caused
when some people smile.)

The treatment should usually take no longer than 10 to 15 minutes and you can normally go about your usual activities immediately afterwards. Depending on the area treated, dose used, and how you respond to botulinum toxin, repeat treatments will be required around every 3 - 6 months.

Most clinics and practitioners charge by area of the face treated, usually defined as crow’s feet, forehead lines, and glabellar lines, and may charge from £175 - £300 per treatment area. A discounted rate is usually employed if more than one area is treatment at the same time.

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